BTCS Inc.

BTCS Inc. ( BTCS or the Company ) is a U.S.-based, Nasdaq-listed blockchain technology company focused on revenue generation through blockchain infrastructure and decentralized finance ( DeFi ) activities, primarily on the Ethereum network. BTCS operates as an active participant in the Ethereum ecosystem, generating digital asset denominated on-chain revenues through its operations. The Company’s business model is centered on providing core blockchain infrastructure services, participating in transaction validation and block construction, and engaging in decentralized finance activities to generate revenue. While BTCS maintains significant Ethereum ( ETH ) holdings, the Company does not operate as a passive digital asset holder. Instead, ETH serves as an operating asset that supports revenue generation across the Company’s business lines. Business Lines BTCS operates through three primary, complementary business lines: Validator Node Operations ( NodeOps ) BTCS operates validator nodes on the Ethereum network as a validator ( Validator ). Validator nodes perform validation and consensus-related activities ( attestation ) as well as block proposal functions that contribute to network security and block finalization. In exchange, BTCS earns ETH-denominated staking revenue, which include protocol-defined rewards and execution layer transaction fees. Validator operations represent a foundational component of the Company’s blockchain infrastructure activities.