Cipher Digital Inc.

Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this Annual Report to the Company, Cipher, Cipher Digital, we, us or our refers to Cipher Digital Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise indicated. Business Overview We are dedicated to developing and operating industrial-scale data centers engineered for next-generation computing at the highest standards of innovation, precision, and excellence. Over the past several years, we have intentionally evolved from a pure-play bitcoin miner into a vertically integrated data center development and operations platform focused on energy-intensive compute infrastructure. Our vertical integration spans critical stages of the data center value chain, including land and power origination and interconnection, site development, data center design and construction, oversight and ongoing facility operations. Fundamentally, we bring together construction, engineering, operations, power, real estate and technology expertise to deliver high quality, purpose-built data centers that meet tenants’ needs. Our in-house teams source and control industrial-scale sites with access to substantial electric power capacity, advance grid interconnection and substation development, and manage the design and construction of data center campuses. We also operate and maintain energy-intensive data center facilities, leveraging operational expertise developed through our employees’ extensive experience managing Tier III HPC data centers and large, flexible electrical loads.