Coya Therapeutics, Inc.

All references in this report to "Coya," the "Company," "we," "us," or "our" mean Coya Therapeutics, Inc. unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise indicates. Overview We are a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on developing proprietary new therapies to enhance the function of regulatory T cells ( Tregs ). Tregs are a subpopulation of T-lymphocytes consisting of CD4+CD25high hFOXP3+ cells that suppress inflammatory responses. Tregs were first discovered in 1995 by Dr. Shimon Sakaguchi and since their discovery multiple lines of research have contributed to elucidate Treg biology and its role in health and disease. Dr. Sakaguchi was the 2025 winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Tregs and their transcription factors have been shown to be essential to maintaining cellular homeostasis by regulating autoimmune and inflammatory responses and maintaining self-tolerance in mammals. Dysfunctional Tregs underlie numerous disease states, and this cellular dysfunction is driven by the chronic inflammatory environment and high levels of oxidative stress commonly observed in certain diseases. Further, the degree of Treg dysfunction is correlated with the severity and progression of serious and life-threatening conditions. These and other recent advances in the understanding of Treg biology, have made this subset of T-lymphocytes an important potential therapeutic target, which we believe may provide new treatments for serious diseases. Our core focus is developing therapies to target Treg dysfunction.