CONSUMER PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC.

We are a specialty finance company. Our business is to purchase and service retail automobile contracts originated primarily by franchised automobile dealers and, to a lesser extent, by select independent dealers in the United States in the sale of new and used automobiles, light trucks and passenger vans. Through our automobile contract purchases, we provide indirect financing to the customers of dealers who have limited credit histories or past credit problems, who we refer to as sub-prime customers. We serve as an alternative source of financing for dealers, facilitating sales to customers who otherwise might not be able to obtain financing from traditional sources, such as commercial banks, credit unions and the captive finance companies affiliated with major automobile manufacturers. In addition to purchasing installment purchase contracts directly from dealers, we also have (i) originated vehicle purchase money loans by lending directly to consumers and have (ii) acquired installment purchase contracts in four merger and acquisition transactions, and (iii) purchased immaterial amounts of vehicle purchase money loans from non-affiliated lenders. In this report, we refer to all of such contracts and loans as automobile contracts. We were incorporated and began our operations in March 1991. From inception through December 31, 2025, we have purchased a total of approximately $24.7 billion of automobile contracts from dealers. Contract purchase volumes and managed portfolio levels for the five years ended December 31, 2025, are shown in the table below.